Oalib search

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an inflammatory condition with increased risk of lung cancer. We hypothesized that curcumin/ bioperine (CB), which has anti-inflammatory effects, may reduce cytological abnormalities in the sputum of patients with COPD. We conducted a 3-month, three-to-one randomized, doubleblind, pilot trial of escalating doses of CB in patients with moderate or worse COPD who were capable of producing sputum. The primary efficacy endpoint was changed in sputum cytology. We also explored changes in fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We obtained sputum samples for cytology and chromosome abnormalities at baseline and each monthly follow-up visit. We enrolled 57 participants, with 35 completing the study. The participants’ mean age (standard deviation [SD]) was 66.6 (8.2) years, and they were mainly male (91.2%), with an average of 63.8 pack-years of smoking history. Also, 42.1% of participants were active smokers and the mean (SD) FEV1 was 37% (13%). At baseline, 13 subjects had moderate or worse dysplasia (22.8%). Subjects with moderate to severe sputum dysplasia had more chromosome abnormalities in epithelial cells and neutrophils, as measured by deletion and aneuploidy in 10q22.3. The changes in sputum cytology and chromosome abnormalities did not differ between the active and placebo arms. CB was well tolerated at the bid doses of 1, 1.5, and 2 gm of curcumin and 5 mg of bioperine, with minor side effects related to the gastrointestinal tract. In this short pilot trial, CB compared to placebo did not alter cytological and chromosomal abnormalities seen in sputum of patients with COPD.

保存相关文章

Reactivity and Survivability of Glycolaldehyde in Simulated Meteorite Impact Experiments
V. P. McCaffrey,N. E. B. Zellner,C. M. Waun,E. R. Bennett,E. K. Earl
Physics , 2015, DOI: 10.1007/s11084-014-9358-5

Abstract: Sugars of extraterrestrial origin have been observed in the interstellar medium (ISM), in at least one comet spectrum, and in several carbonaceous chondritic meteorites that have been recovered from the surface of the Earth. The origins of these sugars within the meteorites have been debated. To explore the possibility that sugars could be generated during shock events, this paper reports on the results of the first laboratory impact experiments wherein glycolaldehyde, found in the ISM, as well as glycolaldehyde mixed with montmorillonite clay, have been subjected to reverberated shocks from ~5 to >25 GPa. New biologically relevant molecules, including threose, erythrose and ethylene glycol, were identified in the resulting samples. These results show that sugar molecules can not only survive but also become more complex during impact delivery to planetary bodies.

保存相关文章

Sex Determining Region Y-Box 2 (SOX2) Is a Potential Cell-Lineage Gene Highly Expressed in the Pathogenesis of Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Lung
Ping Yuan,Humam Kadara,Carmen Behrens,Ximing Tang,Denise Woods,Luisa M. Solis,Jiaoti Huang,Monica Spinola,Wenli Dong,Guosheng Yin,Junya Fujimoto,Edward Kim,Yang Xie,Luc Girard,Cesar Moran,Waun Ki Hong,John D. Minna,Ignacio I. Wistuba
PLOS ONE , 2012, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009112

Abstract: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents the majority (85%) of lung cancers and is comprised mainly of adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). The sequential pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinomas and SCCs occurs through dissimilar phases as the former tumors typically arise in the lung periphery whereas the latter normally arise near the central airway.

保存相关文章

Genetic Variants in Inflammation-Related Genes Are Associated with Radiation-Induced Toxicity Following Treatment for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Michelle A. T. Hildebrandt,Ritsuko Komaki,Zhongxing Liao,Jian Gu,Joe Y. Chang,Yuanqing Ye,Charles Lu,David J. Stewart,John D. Minna,Jack A. Roth,Scott M. Lippman,James D. Cox,Waun Ki Hong,Margaret R. Spitz,Xifeng Wu
PLOS ONE , 2012, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012402

Abstract: Treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy is often accompanied by the development of esophagitis and pneumonitis. Identifying patients who might be at increased risk for normal tissue toxicity would help in determination of the optimal radiation dose to avoid these events. We profiled 59 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 37 inflammation-related genes in 173 NSCLC patients with stage IIIA/IIIB (dry) disease who were treated with definitive radiation or chemoradiation. For esophagitis risk, nine SNPs were associated with a 1.5- to 4-fold increase in risk, including three PTGS2 (COX2) variants: rs20417 (HR:1.93, 95% CI:1.10–3.39), rs5275 (HR:1.58, 95% CI:1.09–2.27), and rs689470 (HR:3.38, 95% CI:1.09–10.49). Significantly increased risk of pneumonitis was observed for patients with genetic variation in the proinflammatory genes IL1A, IL8, TNF, TNFRSF1B, and MIF. In contrast, NOS3:rs1799983 displayed a protective effect with a 45% reduction in pneumonitis risk (HR:0.55, 95% CI:0.31–0.96). Pneumonitis risk was also modulated by polymorphisms in anti-inflammatory genes, including genetic variation in IL13. rs20541 and rs180925 each resulted in increased risk (HR:2.95, 95% CI:1.14–7.63 and HR:3.23, 95% CI:1.03–10.18, respectively). The cumulative effect of these SNPs on risk was dose-dependent, as evidenced by a significantly increased risk of either toxicity with an increasing number of risk genotypes (P<0.001). These results suggest that genetic variations among inflammation pathway genes may modulate the development of radiation-induced toxicity and, ultimately, help in identifying patients who are at an increased likelihood for such events.

保存相关文章

Recent Advances in the Treatment of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Mun K. Hong
Scientifica , 2012, DOI: 10.6064/2012/683683

Abstract:

保存相关文章

Recent Advances in the Treatment of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Mun K. Hong
Scientifica , 2012, DOI: 10.6064/2012/683683

Abstract: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) represents the most urgent condition for patients with coronary artery disease. Prompt diagnosis and therapy, mainly with primary angioplasty using stents, are important in improving not only acute survival but also long-term prognosis. Recent advances in angioplasty devices, including manual aspiration catheters and drug-eluting stents, and pharmacologic therapy, such as potent antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents, have significantly enhanced the acute outcome for these patients. Continuing efforts to educate the public and to decrease the door-to-balloon time are essential to further improve the outcome for these high-risk patients. Future research to normalize the left ventricular function by autologous stem cell therapy may also contribute to the quality of life and longevity of the patients surviving STEMI. 1. Introduction ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) accounts for approximately 30–45% of an estimated 1.5 million hospitalizations for acute coronary syndromes annually in the USA [1]. STEMI results primarily from sudden-onset plaque rupture and complete occlusion of a coronary artery [2]. Therefore, STEMI represents the most severe form of acute coronary syndromes and requires immediate therapy. There have been many recent advances in the treatment of STEMI, ranging from pharmacologic to device therapy. These advances have resulted in improved outcomes for the patients experiencing STEMI [3, 4]. In-hospital mortality from STEMI decreased steadily in the USA in all groups between 1997 and 2006, except for men <55 years of age [4]. Thus, there is still much more work to be done, especially the prevention of its occurrence in young men due to the unpredictable timing and relatively high risk of sudden death [5]. In addition, complete myocardial perfusion to improve left ventricular function and survival is essential but may not be achieved in many patients due to multifactorial reasons [6–12] and needs continued research for better long-term outcome. 2. Reperfusion Therapies The most important therapy for STEMI patients is the prompt reestablishment of antegrade flow. The earlier and the more complete the reperfusion, the greater the myocardial salvage and preservation of left ventricular function, the most important prognostic factor for long-term survival. There are pharmacologic and mechanical reperfusion therapies. Randomized trials have conclusively established primary angioplasty with stents as the optimal therapy for these patients, as primary percutaneous coronary

保存相关文章

多检测GPC／SEC技术在高分子表征中的应用：Ⅳ.氘化高分子的溶液 …
黄怿,Hong.,K
功能高分子学报 , 1999,

Abstract: 采用体积排斥色谱法／示差折光指数／直角激光光散射／示差粘度三检测联用技术表征了氘化聚苯乙烯、聚苯乙烯和氘化聚苯乙烯－聚异戊二烯。结果表明，在０条件下，虽然氘化聚苯乙烯的化学依赖性常数ｖＴ，ＤＰＳ比聚苯乙烯的化学依赖性常数ｖＴ，ＰＳ大，但２５℃时在四氢呋喃中，氘化聚苯乙烯的分子尺寸仍小于聚苯乙烯的分子尺寸。由于嵌段共聚物的淋洗体积随组成变化，所以用传统的ＳＥＣ／ＲＩ得不到准确的分子量。经比较膜渗透

保存相关文章

Maximum Data Gathering in Networked Sensor Systems
Bo Hong,Viktor K. Prasanna
International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks , 2005, DOI: 10.1080/15501320590901847

Abstract: We focus on data gathering problems in energy-constrained networked sensor systems. We study store-and-gather problems where data are locally stored at the sensors before the data gathering starts, and continuous sensing and gathering problems that model time critical applications. We show that these problems reduce to maximization of network flow under vertex capacity constraint. This flow problem in turn reduces to a standard network flow problem. We develop a distributed and adaptive algorithm to optimize data gathering. This algorithm leads to a simple protocol that coordinates the sensor nodes in the system. Our approach provides a unified framework to study a variety of data gathering problems in networked sensor systems. The performance of the proposed method is illustrated through simulations.

保存相关文章

Reproductive and family planning history, knowledge, and needs: A community survey of low-income women in Beijing, China
Hong He, Truls ？stbye, Anne K Daltveit
BMC Women's Health , 2009, DOI: 10.1186/1472-6874-9-23

Abstract: 1642 low-income women age 18–49 from Haidian district, Beijing were selected. All were interviewed via a standardized questionnaire in 2006.Most women reported at least one pregnancy and delivery (97.7%, 98.3%). Deliveries in hospitals (97.3%) by medical personnel (98.5%) were commonplace, as was receipt of antenatal care (86.0%). Nearly half had at least one abortion, with most (56.0%) performed in district hospitals, by physicians (95.6%), and paid for out-of-pocket (64.4%). Almost all (97.4%) used contraception, typically IUDs or condoms. Reproductive knowledge was limited. Health needs emphasized by the participants included popularizing reproductive health information, being able to discuss their reproductive health concerns, free reproductive health insurance, examination and treatment.Among poor urban women in Beijing, antenatal care and contraceptive use were common. However, abortions were also common. Knowledge about reproductive health was limited. There is a need for better reproductive health education, free medical care and social support.Living conditions for low-income urban populations in China is, in general, less favorable than for other urban dwellers. In the largest cities, Beijing and Shanghai, the physical environment is often poor and there is a lack of stable and safe housing arrangements [1,2]. The low-income population in urban areas is mostly comprised of individuals affected by the recent economic transition. They include laid-off workers from state owned enterprises, registered unemployed urban residents, retired workers without pension, and disabled persons who are usually unemployed [3].Since 1993, China has gradually implemented a system of income guarantees, which provides relief for citizens whose per capita income is under the minimum income level. Between January and June 2003, more than 7.1 billion Yuan (about 855 million US dollars) was distributed to 21.8 million poor urban Chinese people with less than the minimum income leve

保存相关文章

Spatiotemporal vegetation cover variations in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under global climate change
XingKui Xu,Hong Chen,Jason K. Levy
Chinese Science Bulletin , 2008, DOI: 10.1007/s11434-008-0115-x

Abstract: Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis and the related Principal Components (PC) analysis are used to extract valuable vegetation cover derived information from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA-AVHRR)’s Leaf Area Index (LAI) satellite images. Results suggest that from 1982 to 2000 global climate change has contributed to an increase in vegetation cover in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The correlation between rainfall and LAI EOF PC1 and PC2 indicates that rainfall is the major climatic factor influencing interannual variations of average vegetation cover throughout the entire Plateau. However, annual mean vegetation cover trends in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are mainly out of phase with air temperature increasing, which is primarily responsible for nonsynchronous changes of vegetation cover. In the southern ridge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, recent warming trends contribute to humid weather and favorable conditions for vegetation growth. By contrast, higher temperatures have led to arid conditions and insufficient rainfall in the northern part of the Plateau, leading to drought and other climatic conditions which are not conducive to increased vegetation cover.

保存相关文章

第1页/共219300条

每页显示条